The existential threat of rising carbon emissions and climate change has prompted an historic shift in investment away from petrol-burning cars to the electric vehicle (EV). Along with that shift, the global EV sector has become a pawn in a larger geopolitical competition and is at the nexus of many techno-nationalist issues.

Corporate subsidies are a major source of controversy in the world trading system. The data makes clear that subsidies pervade global trade by impeding reciprocity between trade partners. In this first comprehensive inventory of the world's three largest subsidy regimes, the authors call for an urgent need to renew cooperation to reverse the deficit of trust caused by subsidies to safeguard the future of trade.

China's Dual Circulation Strategy (DCS) does not necessarily mean the country is lurching to autarky. Instead, China is likely to move towards import substitution wherever possible in the pursuit of economic resilience. Such a move will come at a cost, and its ramifications for the global economy, the domestic private sector, and foreign companies in China could prove very far-reaching.

Nearly 20 years after joining the World Trade Organization, China remains woefully short of meeting a broad range of commitments and responsibilities, to the detriment of both its trading partners and the international economic system.