Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been essential to many economies and integral to the process of globalization. In recent years, the benefits of FDI are threatened by geopolitical risks and chronic supply chain disruptions. However, any security gains achieved from the retrenchment of trade must be measured against its costs.

This report is a deliverable of a partnership between the Africa Centre for Energy Policy and Imani Centre for Policy and Education. The report provides an analysis of the common methods of procurement by Ministries, Departments and Agencies, Public Boards, Corporations and other statutory institutions. It also examines the trend of procurement irregularities, and the drivers of procurement challenges despite the increased reforms. The report is expected to throw more light on the flaws in the procurement process that lead to high procurement irregularities. T

The bordering districts of India and Nepal share close cultural and traditional relationships nurtured by the communities on both sides that depend on each other for their livelihoods. The vibrant border markets and the thriving informal cross-border trade are the testimonies.

Never miss a crisis. Let alone two! But the resources of the Recovery Plan risk being diverted into buffer measures due to the energy and raw materials emergency. On the contrary, the NRP is the great opportunity to modernize our economy. As long as politics, industry and finance change face.